This online braking distance calculator is designed for a wide range of applications and can calculate two of the following five sizes - depending on the road or track condition: braking distance & overall stopping distance, (braking) time, starting velocity, final velocity and acceleration/deceleration. In addition, the thinking distance is calculated, too.
This calculator doesn't use the familiar fist formulas. The calculation is performed with the exact formulas.
By default braking distance and overall stopping distance are calculated for the following conditions: starting velocity is 100 km/h, the roadway has to be dry, clean, flat, straight and sealed. Reaction time is one second.
Under Condition you will find suitable values for road and rail vehicles.
* Change the rail or road condition in the first calculator; assumption: all wheels are braked.
** Negative values are possible, too!
*** The meaning of the two abbreviations l and h can be found here: General Information.
Depending on the road or rail conditions, the two calculators compute the following:
A vehicle travels on a dry and even road through a village. Its speed is 50 km/h. Suddenly a child jumps onto the street.
Answer a)
In the "starting velocity" field, you have to put in the value 50 instead of 100. Then press "Calculate" or the Enter key. To be able stopping just in time, the car must be 24.812 m away from the child. For the correct answer, of course, the stopping distance has to be taken.
Answer b)
If you want to find out the collision speed, the braking distance calculator must be filled out as shown in the screenshot below:
After entering the values, do not press the "Calculate" button immediately. First, change the condition to "Wet roadway" (click on the small arrow). The result is 33 km/h.
Answer c)
For this calculation, you have to put in the value 50 in the "starting velocity" field. Let all the other values as they are - then select "Dry roadway". Under these conditions, the car is still about 42 km/h fast!
Answer d)
First reset the calculator. As "Reaction time" choose 2 and replace the "Initial speed" by a value of 50. The total stopping distance is 38.701 m, the braking distance is 10.923 m. The difference between the two numbers gives the reaction distance: 27.778 m.
In this case reaction distance is already greater than the total stopping distance from a). So the car hits the obstacle at full speed!
Overall stopping distance is the sum of braking distance and thinking distance. The total time for braking is made up of reaction time and braking time.
In the following diagram you can find the distances h and l which are required for the calculation of the overturn of a vehicle.
h: | Distance from centre of gravity of the vehicle to road surface |
l: |
Distance from centre of gravity of the vehicle to front wheel (= tipping point) |
β: | Slope angle of the road |
Schwerpunkt: | centre of gravity |
Fahrtrichtung: | direction of travel |
Example |
Acceleration/Deceleration
in m/s² |
car - mean acceleration 0 - 100 km/h | 3 |
car - average deceleration at full braking on a dry, clean, flat and sealed road |
-7.8 to -11.8 |
car - average deceleration at full braking on a wet, flat and sealed road |
-3.9 to -5.9 |
bicycle - deceleration necessary by law in Austria | -4 * |
bicycle - absolute braking for an average driver | -5.5 |
Tram Vienna (ULF) - starting acceleration | 1.3 |
Tram Vienna (ULF) - service braking | -1.8 |
Rapid braking of trams, with magnetic track brake |
-3 |
ÖBB 4020 (rapid transit of Vienna) - starting acceleration | 0.7 |
Siemens Desiro ML, ÖBB 5022 - starting acceleration | 1.1 |
acceleration of gravity | 9.81 |
Page created on November 2015. Last change: 20.09.2020.